I-crane ye-Gantry yi-crane yohlobo lwebhulorho ibhulorho exhaswa kumzila ophantsi ngokusebenzisa abaphuma ngaphandle kumacala omabini. Ngokwesakhiwo, iquka imasti, indlela yokusebenza yetroli, i-trolley yokuphakamisa kunye neendawo zombane. Ezinye i-gantry cranes zinezikhuseli kuphela kwelinye icala, kwaye elinye icala lixhaswa kwisakhiwo somzi-mveliso okanye i-trestle, ebizwa ngokuba yi-i-semi-gantry crane. I-crane ye-gantry iqulunqwe ngesakhelo sebhulorho ephezulu (kubandakanywa nentsimbi ephambili kunye nentsimbi yokuphela), i-outriggers, i-beam ephantsi kunye nezinye iindawo. Ukuze ukwandise uluhlu olusebenzayo lwe-crane, i-beam ephambili inokwandisa ngaphaya kwe-outriggers ukuya kwelinye okanye kumacala omabini ukwenza i-cantilever. Itroli ephakamisayo enebhoom nayo ingasetyenziselwa ukwandisa uluhlu lokusebenza lwecrane ngokujula kunye nokujikeleza kwebhoom.
1. Ukuhlelwa kweefom
Iikhreyini zeGantryinokwahlulwa ngokwesakhiwo sesakhelo socango, ifom yentsimbi ephambili, ulwakhiwo lomqadi oyintloko, kunye nendlela yokusetyenziswa.
a. Ukwakhiwa kwesakhelo somnyango
1. I-gantry crane epheleleyo: umqadi oyintloko awunayo i-overhang, kwaye i-trolley ihamba ngaphakathi kwinqanaba eliphambili;
2. I-Semi-gantry crane: I-outriggers inomahluko wobude, onokuthi umiselwe ngokweemfuno zobunjineli bombutho wesiza.
b. Cantilever gantry crane
1. I-double cantilever gantry crane: Ifom yesakhiwo esiqhelekileyo, uxinzelelo lwesakhiwo kunye nokusetyenziswa ngokufanelekileyo kwendawo yesayithi kunengqiqo.
2. I-Single cantilever gantry crane: Le fomu yesakhiwo ihlala ikhethwa ngenxa yezithintelo zesayithi.
c. Uhlobo lomqadi ophambili
1.I-beam engundoqo enye
I-crane eyodwa ye-girder gantry crane inesakhiwo esilula, kulula ukwenza kunye nokuyifaka, kwaye inobunzima obuncinci. Umjikelo oyintloko ubukhulu becala yibhokisi yesakhelo sesakhelo sebhokisi. Xa kuthelekiswa ne-double main girder gantry crane, ukuqina okupheleleyo buthathaka. Ngoko ke, le fom ingasetyenziselwa xa amandla okuphakamisa i-Q≤50t kunye ne-S≤35m ye-span. I-Single girder gantry crane door imilenze ifumaneka kuhlobo lwe-L kunye no-C. Uhlobo lwe-L kulula ukulwenza kunye nokulufaka, lunokumelana noxinzelelo oluhle, kwaye lunobunzima obuncinci. Nangona kunjalo, indawo yokuphakamisa iimpahla ukuba idlule emilenzeni incinci. Imilenze emise okwe-C yenziwe ngendlela ethambekileyo okanye egobileyo ukwenza indawo enkulu esecaleni ukwenzela ukuba iimpahla zidlule emilenzeni kakuhle.
2. Umqadi ophambili ophindwe kabini
Iicranes eziphindwe kabini zegirder gantry zinomthamo owomeleleyo wokuthwala umthwalo, izikhewu ezinkulu, uzinzo olulungileyo, kunye neendidi ezininzi. Nangona kunjalo, xa kuthelekiswa neecranes ezingundoqo zegirder gantry ezinomthamo ofanayo wokuphakamisa, ubunzima bazo bukhulu kwaye ixabiso liphezulu. Ngokwamacandelo ahlukeneyo ebhodi engundoqo, inokwahlulwa ibe ziifom ezimbini: ibhokisi yebhokisi kunye ne-truss. Ngokuqhelekileyo, izakhiwo ezinebhokisi zisetyenziswa.
d. Ulwakhiwo lomqadi oluphambili
1. Umqa weTruss
Ifom yesakhiwo idityaniswe ngentsimbi ye-angle okanye i-I-beam ineenzuzo zeendleko eziphantsi, ubunzima obulula kunye nokumelana nomoya omhle. Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yenani elikhulu lamanqaku e-welding kunye neziphene ze-truss ngokwayo, i-truss beam nayo ineziphene ezifana nokuphambuka okukhulu, ukuqina okuphantsi, ukuthembeka okuphantsi, kunye nesidingo sokufunyanwa rhoqo kwamanqaku e-welding. Ifanelekile kwiindawo ezineemfuno ezisezantsi zokhuseleko kunye nomthamo omncinci wokuphakamisa.
2.Box beam
Amacwecwe ensimbi ahlanganiswe kwisakhiwo sebhokisi, eneempawu zokhuseleko oluphezulu kunye nokuqina okuphezulu. Ngokuqhelekileyo isetyenziselwa iitoni ezinkulu kunye ne-ultra-large-tonnage gantry cranes. Njengoko kubonisiwe kumfanekiso osekunene, iMGhz1200 inomthamo wokuphakamisa iitoni eziyi-1,200. Yeyona gantry crane inkulu eTshayina. Umqadi oyintloko wamkela isakhiwo sebhokisi yebhokisi. Imiqadi yebhokisi nayo ineziphene zeendleko eziphezulu, ubunzima obunzima, kunye nokunganyangeki kakuhle komoya.
3. Umqadi wenqatha lobusi
Ngokuqhelekileyo kuthiwa "i-isosceles triangle ye-honeycomb beam", isiphelo sobuso be-honeycomb singunxantathu, kukho imingxuma ye-honeycomb kwi-oblique webs kumacala omabini, kwaye kukho i-chords kwiindawo eziphezulu kunye nezantsi. Imiqadi yobusi ifunxa iimpawu zemiqadi yetruss kunye nemiqadi yebhokisi. Xa kuthelekiswa nemiqadi yetruss, inokuqina okukhulu, ukuphambuka okuncinci, kunye nokuthembeka okuphezulu. Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yokusetyenziswa kwe-welding yentsimbi yentsimbi, ubunzima bokuzimela kunye neendleko ziphezulu kancinci kunezo ze-truss beams. Ilungele iisayithi okanye iindawo ze-beam ezisetyenziswa rhoqo okanye amandla okuphakamisa okunzima. Ekubeni olu hlobo lomqadi luyimveliso enelungelo elilodwa lomenzi wechiza, kukho abavelisi abambalwa.
2. Ifomu yokusetyenziswa
1. I-gantry crane eqhelekileyo
2.Hydropower station gantry crane
Isetyenziselwa ikakhulu ukuphakamisa, ukuvula nokuvala amasango, kwaye ingasetyenziselwa imisebenzi yokufakela. Umthamo wokuphakamisa ufikelela kwi-80 ukuya kwiitoni ezingama-500, i-span incinci, i-8 ukuya kwi-16 yeemitha, kwaye isantya sokuphakamisa siphantsi, i-1 ukuya kwi-5 metres / min. Nangona olu hlobo lwekhreyini alusoloko luphakanyiswa, umsebenzi unzima kakhulu xa sele lusetyenzisiwe, ngoko ke inqanaba lomsebenzi kufuneka landiswe ngokufanelekileyo.
3. I-gantry crane yokwakha iinqanawa
Isetyenziselwa ukudibanisa i-hull kwi-slipway, iitroli ezimbini zokunyusa zihlala zikhona: enye ineekhonkco ezimbini eziphambili, ezihamba kumzila kwi-flange ephezulu yebhuloho; enye ine hook engundoqo kunye ne-axiliary hook, kwi-flange esezantsi yebhulorho. Baleka kwiireyile ukuze ujike kwaye uphakamise amacandelo amakhulu e-hull. Umthamo wokuphakamisa ngokuqhelekileyo yi-100 ukuya kwiitoni ze-1500; ubude bufikelela kwi-185 yeemitha; isantya sokuphakamisa i-2 ukuya kwi-15 imitha / min, kwaye kukho isantya sokunyakaza kwe-micro ye-0.1 ukuya kwi-0.5 yeemitha / min.
3. Inqanaba lomsebenzi
I-Gantry crane nayo inqanaba lokusebenza i-A ye-gantry crane: ibonisa iimpawu zokusebenza ze-crane ngokwesimo somthwalo kunye nokusetyenziswa okuxakekileyo.
Ulwahlulo lwamanqanaba omsebenzi lumiselwa kwinqanaba lokusetyenziswa kwe-crane kunye nenqanaba lomthwalo Q. Bahlulwe ngamanqanaba asibhozo ukusuka ku-A1 ukuya ku-A8.
Umgangatho wokusebenza we-crane, oko kukuthi, umgangatho wokusebenza wesakhiwo sensimbi, unqunywe ngokwendlela yokuphakamisa kwaye ihlukaniswe ngamanqanaba A1-A8. Ukuba kuthelekiswa neentlobo zokusebenza zeekhreyini ezichazwe eChina, ilingana ngokulinganayo: A1-A4-ukukhanya; I-A5-A6- Phakathi; I-A7-inzima, i-A8-enzima kakhulu.
