Ukuqonda ulwahlulo lwe-gantry cranes luncedo ngakumbi ekukhetheni nasekuthengeni iikhreyini. Iindidi ezahlukeneyo zeekhreyini nazo zineendidi ezahlukeneyo. Ngezantsi, eli nqaku liza kwazisa iimpawu zeentlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-gantry cranes ngokweenkcukacha ukuze abathengi basebenzise njengesalathiso xa bekhetha ukuthenga i-crane.
Ngokwendlela yolwakhiwo lwesakhelo secrane
Ngokwemilo yesakhiwo socango lwesakhelo, inokwahlulwa ibe yi-gantry crane kunye ne-cantilever gantry crane.
Iikhreyini zeGantryzahlulwe zibe:
1. I-gantry crane epheleleyo: umqadi oyintloko awunayo i-overhang, kwaye i-trolley ihamba ngaphakathi kwendawo ephambili.
2. I-Semi-gantry crane: Ngokweemfuno zolwakhiwo lwendawo kwisiza, ukuphakama kwe-outriggers kuyahluka.
I-Cantilever gantry cranes zohlulwe zibe:
1. I-double cantilever gantry crane: enye yeendlela eziqhelekileyo zesakhiwo, uxinzelelo lwayo lwesakhiwo kunye nokusetyenziswa ngokufanelekileyo kwendawo yesayithi kunengqiqo.
2. I-gantry crane enye ye-cantilever: Ngenxa yezithintelo zesayithi, esi sakhiwo sivame ukukhethwa.
Ukuhlelwa ngokwemilo kunye nodidi lomqadi ophambili we-gantry crane:
1. Gqibezela ulwahlulo lweekhreyini zegirder gantry ezingundoqo
I-crane ye-gantry ye-single-girder inesakhiwo esilula, kulula ukwenza kunye nokuyifaka, kwaye inobunzima obuncinci. Uninzi lwemiqadi ephambili luthambekele kwibhokisi yebhokisi kaloliwe izakhiwo. Xa kuthelekiswa ne-double-girder gantry crane, ubunzima obupheleleyo bubuthathaka. Ngoko ke, xa ukuphakamisa ubunzima Q≤50 iitoni, isithuba S≤35m.
I-Single girder gantry craneimilenze yomnyango ifumaneka ngohlobo lwe-L kunye nohlobo lwe-C. Imodeli emise okwe-L kulula ukuyifaka, inokumelana namandla afanelekileyo, kwaye inobunzima obuncinci, kodwa indawo yokuphakamisa iimpahla ngemilenze incinci. Imilenze emile okwe-C igobile okanye igobile ukunika indawo enkulu ethe tye ukuze umthwalo udlule kakuhle emilenzeni.
2. Gqibezela ulwahlulo lweekhreyini eziziintloko ezimbini zegirder gantry
I-cranes ye-gantry ephindwe kabinizinomthamo owomeleleyo wokuthwala, izikhewu ezinkulu, uzinzo olupheleleyo, kunye neendidi ezininzi, kodwa ubunzima bazo bukhulu kune-single-girder gantry cranes ezinomthamo ofanayo wokuphakamisa, kwaye iindleko nazo ziphezulu.
Ngokwamacandelo ahlukeneyo ebhodi engundoqo, inokwahlulwa ibe ziifom ezimbini: ibhokisi yebhokisi kunye ne-truss. Okwangoku, izakhiwo zohlobo lwebhokisi zisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo.
Ulwahlulo ngokwesakhiwo esingundoqo se-gantry crane:
1. Truss girder gantry crane
Isakhiwo esidibeneyo sentsimbi ye-angle okanye i-I-beam ineenzuzo zeendleko eziphantsi, ubunzima obulula kunye nokumelana nomoya omhle.
Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yenani elikhulu lamanqaku e-welding, i-truss ngokwayo ineziphene. I-truss beam nayo ineziphene ezifana nokuphambuka okukhulu, ukuqina okuphantsi, ukuthembeka okuphantsi, kunye nesidingo sokufunyanwa rhoqo kwamanqaku e-welding. Ifanelekile kwiindawo ezineemfuno eziphantsi zokhuseleko kunye nobunzima obuncinci bokuphakamisa.
2. Ibhokisi yebhanti yegantry crane
Amacwecwe ensimbi afakwe kwisakhiwo esinebhokisi, esineempawu zokhuseleko oluphezulu kunye nokuqina okuphezulu. Ngokuqhelekileyo isetyenziselwa iitoni ezinkulu kunye neetoni ezinkulu zegantry cranes. Umqadi oyintloko wamkela isakhiwo sebhokisi yebhokisi. Imiqadi yeebhokisi nayo ineziphene zeendleko eziphezulu, ubunzima obufileyo, kunye nokunganyangeki kakuhle komoya.
3. Umqadi wobusi igantry crane
Ngokuqhelekileyo kuthiwa "i-isosceles triangle honeycomb beam", isiphelo somgca we-honeycomb singunxantathu, kwaye kukho imingxuma yobusi kumacala omabini e-oblique belly, i-chords ephezulu nesezantsi. Imiqadi yeselula ifunxa iimpawu zemiqadi yetruss kunye nebhokisi yebhokisi, kwaye inokuqina okukhulu, ukuphambuka okuncinci kunye nokuthembeka okuphezulu kunemiqadi yetruss.
Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa ye-welding yeepleyiti zetsimbi, ubunzima bokuzimela kunye neendleko ziphezulu kancinci kunezo ze-truss beams. Ilungele ukusetyenziswa rhoqo okanye iziza zokuphakamisa ubunzima okanye iisayithi zemiqadi. Ngenxa yokuba olu hlobo lwe-beam luyimveliso yobunini, kukho abavelisi abambalwa.
